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Flamenco Forms
Granaína
and media granaína
by Susana
Navalón
Translated by Yasha
Maccanico
(From Granada, a distortion of granadina, meaning from Granada). It is a fandango
from Granada, stripped of any rhythm. It belongs to the category
of the cantes del Levante (songs from the south-east of Spain,
the Levant; originating in the mines and expressing deep suffering,
their urban variations tend to refer to love, life and death) and
like the malagueña, it is based on the structure of the fandango.
The granaína usually has an introductory ayeo (melodic wailing
using the word “ay”), which is not found in the media granaína.
It is sung in a free style and is accompanied by a guitar in B
due to its acute tonality. Its music is elegant and rests on adornment. |
| It
has recently been performed in choreographed versions inspired
by the dance of the taranto, among which the one by Granada's
Eva la Hierbabuena is outstanding
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| Dance |
Some authors claim that
the granaína is not for dancing, that it is only for
singing and playing, but nineteenth-century costumbrista
writers (who focus on local customs and manners) testify
that the original fandango from Granada used to involve
dancing. It has also recently been interpreted in choreographic
versions inspired by the dance of the taranto, among
which the one by Granada's Eva la Hierbabuena, who finished
it off in a verdiale style, is outstanding. The meter,
like the one of the fandango, is in three beats, although
its interpretation is free of rhythm:
1 2
3 4 5
6 7 8
9 10 11
12
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| The guitar uses a distinctive transposed B major chord that provides it with
an immediately recognisable sound. |
| Guitar |
The guitar uses a distinctive
transposed B major chord – leaving the sixth and first
lingering in the air -, which provides it with an immediately
recognisable sound, thanks to which one of the genre's
most beautiful styles of guitar-playing was developed.
It has the fandango's own peculiar scale, that is, it
alternates the Andalusian and the major scale. The media
granaína is played in a similar way as, although it is
shorter, the same chords are used for its accompaniment,
although it is less adorned.
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| Singing |
It belongs to the category of the cantes de Levante and, according to most researchers,
its origins may lie in the aflamencamiento (lit. flamencoisation;
that is, changes that are undergone as a result of
the influence of flamenco) of a popular fandango style
from the province. It is difficult to perform and is
characterised by the elegant intricacy of its melismatico
(a style whereby a series of notes is sung over the
same syllable) adornment and the complex tonal texture
that flows between successive highs and lows. The media
granaína is even more intricate and brilliant. Most
experts credit Antonio Chacón, who was able to base
his composition on the melody of the malagueña and
spent a long period in Granada around 1890, with its
creation. Manuel Vallejo, Marchena, Enrique Morente
and Naranjito de Triana have been great performers
of this style. The copla (poetic composition, in verse,
used as lyrics) is made up of five rhyming eight-syllable
verses, which often become six when they are sung due
to the repetition of one of the first two of them, with the rhyme, usually consonant, found
in the first, third and fifth lines. |
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Getting
started in flamenco
What is meant by cante jondo, duende, jondura, quejío, garbo…?
Everything you need to know to get started in flamenco.
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You
can start dancing straight away
Finding a jersey, skirt, fan, or dance school is easier than
you think: the technique can be learnt, but only you can put
the magic into it.
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Flamencoing
in Madrid
Madrid is undoubtedly the flamenco capital: schools, tablaos,
taverns, bars and festivals. Everything that you mustn´t miss
out on.
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Choose
the best skirt
The skirt shapes your figure and highlights your movements.
Here you can learn how to pick the one that suits you best.
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Paso
a Paso.
Flamenco Forms
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